Le persone con sclerosi multipla possono beneficiare degli effetti della terapia in acqua come terapia complementare ai convenzionali interventi riabilitativi. Questi i risultati della nostra revisione sistematica pubblicata su Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders. Abbiamo analizzato 11 Randomized Control Trials ed inoltre è stato possible eseguire una meta-analisi su 10 RCTs.

Riportiamo sinteticamente i punti salienti:
La terapia in acqua può essere una valida alternativa al trattamento convenzionale nella Sclerosi Multipla.
RCTs hanno mostrato risultati statisticamente significativi della terapia in acqua per la deambulazione e l’affaticamento.
Otto settimane di esercizio acquatico riducono l’affaticamento, migliorando al contempo la qualità di vita delle persone con sclerosi multipla
La terapia in acqua ha anche effetti sulla sfera motivazionale, psicologica ed emotiva.
The Effect of Aquatic Physical Therapy on Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Background
The aquatic environment has unique properties, such a buoyancy, turbulence, hydrostatic pressure, and resistance, which can be used to gain a range of exercise benefits. During the last decade, hydrotherapy has spread in a very heterogeneous rehabilitation field. However, the efficacy of this kind of rehabilitation is not clear in scientific literature. The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative results of physical therapy treatments in an aquatic setting for individuals with Multiple Sclerosis.
Method
PRISMA guidelines were used to carry out the systematic review and meta-analysis. Three bibliographic databases were searched: MEDLINE, PEDro, and the Cochrane Library. Papers included in the study have the following characteristics: (a) a randomized controlled trial design of research and (b) published in English. The quality of the clinical trials included were evaluated according to a Jadad score and through meta-analysis.
Results
After the elimination of duplicates, 116 records were screened. Among these, 11 Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) were included in the systematic review. Ten of these were involved in the meta-analysis. From the qualitative analysis, a larger number of studies were found with a high level of quality. Most of the results of the quantitative analysis were statistically significant (p< 0.05).
Conclusion
Aquatic physical therapy is a valid means of rehabilitation for people with Multiple Sclerosis. The integration of this methodological approach with conventional physical therapy is recommended. Nevertheless, more studies, a larger number of participants, and short-, medium-, and long-term follow-up are required to confirm current results.
Amedoro A, Berardi A, Conte A, Pelosin E, Valente D, Maggi G, Tofani M, Galeoto G, (2020) The Effect of Aquatic Physical Therapy on Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2020.102022
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